{"product_id":"hubble-optics-specchi-principali-610-2560-pyrex-enhanced-coating","title":"Hubble Optics 610\/2560 Pyrex Primary Mirrors Enhanced Coating","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"product-description\" style=\"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;color:#333;\"\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"font-size:24px;font-weight:bold;\"\u003eHubble Optics Primary Mirrors 610\/2560 Pyrex Enhanced Coating\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\n\u003cp style=\"font-size:18px;margin-top:10px;\"\u003eHubble Optics' revolutionary \u003cb\u003elightweight sandwich mirror\u003c\/b\u003e is a cost-effective, high-quality alternative to other lightweight solid mirrors on the market. Hubble sandwich mirrors are similar to those of the Hubble Space Telescope, the most advanced telescope ever built.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eThermally and structurally optimized open core with a dynamically stable closed design. \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFast thermal response: cools about 10 times faster than a solid mirror of the same thickness. \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEasy floating mount assembly \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLighter than solid mirrors (with a weight saving of about 20% compared to solid mirrors of the same thickness) \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEconomical with an unmatched price-performance ratio: \u003cb\u003eStrehl ratio\u003c\/b\u003e \u0026gt;= 0.975\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhy should you choose a sandwich mirror?\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTelescope mirrors are produced in a strictly controlled temperature and humidity environment. Each mirror is carefully measured after reaching its equilibrium state. When it cools, gradients cause the surface to deform. The aberrations induced by these gradients are proportional to the CTE of the substrate. These gradient-induced aberrations disappear when the mirror cools down and is in equilibrium. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHowever, the main problem is not the deformation-induced aberrations, but the layer of warm air in front of the primary mirror. This layer of warm air is the main cause of image distortion known as \"\u003cb\u003emirror seeing\u003c\/b\u003e,\" which is caused by the irregular refractive index in the colder air above the warm mirror surface. No mirror, regardless of the type of glass used, will perform adequately until the mirror approaches the temperature of the surrounding air. This occurs when the temperature difference between the glass and the air is less than one degree Celsius (°C). The best performance is achieved when this difference is less than 0.2 °C. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherefore, the ultimate goal is to bring the mirror temperature within +\/- 0.2 °C of the surrounding air temperature as quickly as possible. This significantly reduces image distortion due to \"mirror seeing.\" For this reason, all large professional mirror telescopes, regardless of the type of glass used, use complex cooling systems to cool the primary mirror. For example, the 4.24-meter primary mirror of the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope (ATST) uses a jet cooling system. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on extensive research, it has been concluded that \"\u003cb\u003ethinner substrates drastically reduce thermal response time\u003c\/b\u003e,\" technical note #0028 by Nathan Dalrymple. For any mirror, the thickness of the glass cross-section is the primary factor that determines the time required to reach thermal equilibrium during observation or imaging. A high-thickness mirror may never reach equilibrium and its full optical potential. This is one of the main reasons why Hubble Optics' lightweight sandwich mirror has superior optical performance during observation, even without an active cooling system. (Active cooling systems, such as fans, introduce serious problems, such as micro-vibrations, which can seriously degrade image quality if not used correctly). Hubble's optical mirrors reach thermal equilibrium very quickly and without any auxiliary equipment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"font-size:20px;margin-top:30px;\"\u003eKey Features\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eHubble Optics quality for a reliable and fulfilling observation experience.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul style=\"padding-left:20px;\"\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eType: Kits and parts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eDiameter (mm): 610\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eFocal length (mm): 2560\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eAperture ratio (f\/): 4.2\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: Pyrex glass\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSurface reflection: 96\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"font-size:20px;margin-top:30px;\"\u003eMain technical specifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003ctable style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-top:10px;\"\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eBrand\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eHubble Optics\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eModel\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eHubble Optics Primary Mirrors 610\/2560 Pyrex Enhanced Coating\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eType\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003ePrimary Mirror\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eAperture ratio (f\/)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003e4.2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eSurface reflection\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003e96\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eFocal length (mm)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003e2560\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eOptic coating\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eAluminum and silicon dioxide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eDiameter (mm)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003e610\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eDiameter (″)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003e24\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eHeight (mm)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003e53\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eMaterial\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003ePyrex glass\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eSeries\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eSandwich Mirror\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eType\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\u003ctd style=\"padding:8px;border:1px solid #ccc;\"\u003eKits and parts\u003c\/td\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"background-color:#f0f8ff;padding:15px;margin-top:30px;border-left:4px solid #007acc;\"\u003e\n\n\u003cstrong\u003eFree shipping\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTake advantage of free shipping throughout Italy for orders over €199.99!\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Hubble Optics","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51120721363160,"sku":"56564","price":11962.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0766\/0722\/6072\/files\/75b888200a962a774df5e14acfcbfa35_cfd0188f-fcbd-4f0c-9a46-a22c6f020c7b.jpg?v=1764070346","url":"https:\/\/www.giordanoastronomia.it\/en\/products\/hubble-optics-specchi-principali-610-2560-pyrex-enhanced-coating","provider":"Giordano Astronomia","version":"1.0","type":"link"}